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Active Voice

Active sentence (active voice) is the sentence where the subject does the activity. Active voice is more often used in everyday life than the passive voice. Not all active sentences have corresponding forms in the passive. Only active and transitive sentences(SPOC* and SPOA*) can be transformed into passive sentences.

Passive Voice

Passive sentence (passive voice) is the sentence where the subject get the action from the object. We often find the passive voice in newspapers, articles in magazines and scholarly writings. Passive voice is used as the object of the active voice is more important information than its subject.

1. Simple past tense :

Active => verb 2 (ed)

Passive => was/were + verb 3

Example

Active : I wrote a novel yesterday

Passive : A novel is written by me yesterday

2. Simple present tense :

Active => verb 1 (+ s/es)

Passive => Is/am/are + verb 3

Example

Active : She cooks fried rice in the kitchen

Passive : Fried rice is cooked by her in the kitchen

3. Present perfect tense :

Active => has/have + verb 3

Passive => has/have + been + verb 3

Example

Active : She has watered this plant for 5 minutes.

Passive : This plant has been watered by her for 5 minutes.

4. Present continous tense :

Active => is/am/are + verb ing

Passive => is/am/are + being + verb 3

Example

Active : He is playing a game

Passive : A game is being playing by him

5. Present future tense :

Active => will + verb 1

Passive => will + be + verb 3

Example

Active : She will water this plant this afternoon

Passive : This plant will be watered by her this afternoon

6. Past perfect tense :

Active => had + verb 3

Passive => had + been + verb 3

Example

Active : They had studied Math

Passive : Math had been studied by them

7. Present perfect continous tense :

Active => has/have + been + verb ing

Passive => has/have + been + being + verb 3

Example

Active : She has studied English

Passive : English have been studied by her

The Random Re-Boot Problem

You may have experienced your computer intermittently re-booting for no apparent reason. This can be annoying, and can mean you have lost valuable work that you we in the process of creating.

If this has happened once, then your chances of explaining the cause are remote in the extreme. If you find it happening regularly, then it is clearly in your interest to find and fix the problem.

There may be a simple explanation. With most modern computers, the system comes with built in circuitry to monitor the state of the computer. One of the checks built into your system include testing the power supply levels. The power supply is not a component most people expect to fail. Most are concerned that their disk drives will be the major cause of failures, but in fact power supply problems are relatively common.

The power supply will communicate to the mother board with a power good signal if the power output is within specification. If this power good signal is not present, the computer will simply not start up. This seems simple enough, however things do not always fit into the good or not good categories. Where you have a power supply that is failing, its outputs can fluctuate. The computer may then boot up correctly, but a little later when the power supply falls out of range the computer will detect this and activate the reset logic. The reset logic shuts the machine down, thus relieving the load on the power supply, which can then support a re-boot. It is the same as if you pushed the reset button yourself, but it appears to you as a random re-boot.

To test the power outputs, you really need access to a multimeter, and know how to use it. This might be something you may prefer to leave to an experienced technician. Alternatively, you can try replacing the power supply with a spare that you know to be working. If this corrects the intermittent re-boot, then you have solved the problem

When replacing a power supply, select a known brand, and I suggest you choose one that is rated to at least 400 watts. This, of course, depends on what load your computer is supporting. Upgrading to a faster processor, installing additional or faster disk drives, or adding other devices can all add to your computer’s power requirements.